Silent Walks
SE England

Health and Wellbeing

This contents of this site is for informative purposes only and is not intended to be medical or professional advice. You should consult a medical professional before undertaking a change to your exercise regime or diet to determine if it is suitable for your particular requirements. This is especially true if you or anyone in your family have a history of high blood pressure or heart disease or if you've experienced chest pain whether exercising or not or if you smoke, are obese, have high cholesterol. Any bone and/or joint problems could be made worse by a change in physical activity.

If while exercising you experience faintness, dizziness, pain or shortness of breath at any time you should stop immediately. Information on this site concerning fitness and nutrition is for educational purposes only and is no substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. If you have any concerns or questions about your health you should always consult a physician.

The use of any information provided on this site is solely at your own risk.


Commonly the three pillars of a healthy lifestyle are separated into the categories of exercise, nutrition and sleep.


Exercise

The benefits of exercise are numerous. It can reduce your risk of major illnesses, such as heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes and cancer and lower your risk of early death by up to 30%. [1], plus you feel so much better for it!

If it's been a while then try not to be over ambitious. It is preferable to start off by setting small goals - for example going for a 10 minute run three times a week to establish the habit and then build on it. Over ambitious goals often lead to abandonment. Some tips

If you're out of condition (and having previously consulted a medical professional beforehand), it is important to find an exercise that you actually enjoy. Many people having maintained a sedentary lifestyle choose running as their first choice. Whilst certainly an excellent form of exercise, it is very much like jumping into the deep end particularly if you are out of condition. If this is your choice then it is best to build up slowly, starting off with short runs of no more than 2 miles. Being over ambitious and "starting from cold" often results in an injury, plus if you do not really enjoy it, then you will likely soon drop it.

Outdoor exercise

A few possibilities in order of accessibility:

  • Walking
  • Running
  • Cycling
  • Swimming

Walking is not a particularly aerobic exercise, but out of the above is the most accessible in so far to start with (at least for short distances up to 4 miles) no equipment or facilities are required.

Home exercise

Resistance training or strength training

Having purchased a set of relatively cheap dumbbells or resistance bands you can adopt a home exercise regime with dumbbells[2] or resistance bands[3] that will increase your muscle strength.

The purpose is not to end up with the physique of bodybuilder, just to slow down Sarcopenia.[4]

A common routine for strength training is to focus on one major muscle group (chest, back, shoulders, legs, arms, abdominals) each day and exercising close to failure[5] for that muscle group and then taking two to three days rest[6] before resuming the strength training schedule.

Skipping

Another inexpensive home aerobic exercise (provided you have a ceiling clearance of 2 feet / 61cm above your head). [7]

The Royal Canadian Air Force 5BX Exercise Plans

An exercise plan developed for the RCAF by Dr. Bill Orban in the 1950s, first published in 1961. The 5BX refers to the five basic exercises. The popularity of the programs in many countries around the world helped to launch modern fitness culture. [8]

Whatever exercise(s) you choose, importantly select one you enjoy and acquire the habit and stick with it. Tips for maintaining a resolution.

References

Research


Nutrition

A healthy, balanced diet is an essential part to maintaining good health. [7]

Numerous books espousing "the one", raw food, dash, whole food, Mediterranean, Paleolithic, ....List of diets

Food groups in your diet: [9]

  • At least 5 portions of a variety of fruit and vegetables a day.
  • Base meals on higher fibre starchy foods like potatoes, bread, rice or pasta.
  • Have some dairy or dairy alternatives (such as soya drinks).
  • Eat some beans, pulses, fish, eggs, meat and other protein.
  • Choose unsaturated oils and spreads, and eat in small amounts.

The NHS Eatwell Guide shows how much of what we eat overall should come from each food group to achieve a healthy, balanced diet. [10]

Don't get obsessive, find a healthy diet that you like, and don't be too harsh on yourself about the occasional treat.

Cut down

Sugar[11],[12]

Try to avoid adding salt and sugar to foods. Sugar intake through naturally occurring sugar contained in fruits and vegetables should be sufficiently adequate.

Salt

To remain healthy, you only need roughly 200 to 300 milligrams of sodium per day. [13],[14]. A salt intake of less than 5 grams (approximately 2g sodium) per person per day is recommended by WHO for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, the leading cause of death globally.[15]

Multivitamins

A healthy balanced diet should ensure that you get all the vitamins and minerals that you require. [16]

The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the UK population is fairly significant[17] at ~24% in men and 22% in women. The NHS recommends 10 micrograms (400 IU) of vitamin D[18] throughout the year for those indoors all year round and / or wearing clothing that covers most of their skin when outside. Recent research suggests that this recommended amount is too low.[19]

Given the fairly cheap cost of multivitamins you could view it as an insurance policy - topping up in case you are deficient in any vitamin(s) / mineral(s).

The benefits of taking multivitamins.

References


Sleep

Benefits of sleep

Sleep plays a crucial role in maintaining our overall health and well-being. Here are some benefits of sleep for a human being:

  • Restores and rejuvenates the body: Sleep allows the body to repair and recover from the day's activities. It promotes muscle growth, tissue repair, and the release of growth hormones.
  • Enhances cognitive function: A good night's sleep improves various cognitive functions, including concentration, attention, problem-solving, memory consolidation, and creativity. It helps you stay focused and perform better in tasks requiring mental acuity.
  • Supports learning and memory: During sleep, the brain consolidates and organizes newly acquired information, strengthening memory formation. It aids in the retention and recall of information learned throughout the day.
  • Boosts mood and emotional well-being: Sufficient sleep helps regulate emotions and enhances mood stability. It can reduce the risk of developing mood disorders such as depression and anxiety.
  • Strengthens immune system: Sleep is vital for a healthy immune system. During sleep, the body produces cytokines, proteins that help combat infection, inflammation, and stress. Sustained sleep deprivation can weaken the immune system, making you more susceptible to illnesses.
  • Regulates appetite and weight management: Sleep influences the hormones responsible for appetite control. Sufficient sleep helps maintain a healthy balance of ghrelin (hunger hormone) and leptin (satiety hormone), reducing the risk of overeating and obesity.
  • Supports cardiovascular health: A good sleep pattern is associated with a lower risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, and stroke. During sleep, the heart rate and blood pressure decrease, giving the cardiovascular system a chance to rest and recover.
  • Improves physical performance: Athletes and active individuals benefit from quality sleep as it enhances athletic performance, reaction time, coordination, and overall physical endurance. It also reduces the risk of injuries.
  • Enhances creativity and problem-solving: Sleep has been linked to improved creative thinking and problem-solving abilities. It allows the brain to make new associations and connections, leading to fresh insights and innovative ideas.
  • Promotes overall well-being: Adequate sleep is essential for general well-being and quality of life. It can reduce stress levels, increase productivity, improve relationships, and promote an overall sense of happiness and contentment.
  • The vast majority of adults require 7-9 hours of quality sleep each night to reap these benefits. Many do state that they can manage perfectly well on 4 hours per night without adverse effects. Unfortunately most are deluding themselves by having trained to get by with insufficient sleep which in the long term will be detrimental to their health. Only about 1% are naturally predisposed to manage with 4 hours a night.

Page last updated: © silentwalks.org.uk • All Rights Reserved.